Optimal. Leaf size=68 \[ -\frac {2 \cos ^2(x) \cot (x)}{3 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {\cos ^2(x) \cot ^3(x)}{5 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {\cos (x) \sin (x)}{a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.01, antiderivative size = 68, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 3, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {3286, 3852}
\begin {gather*} -\frac {\sin (x) \cos (x)}{a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {\cos ^2(x) \cot ^3(x)}{5 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {2 \cos ^2(x) \cot (x)}{3 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 3286
Rule 3852
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{\left (a \sin ^4(x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx &=\frac {\sin ^2(x) \int \csc ^6(x) \, dx}{a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}\\ &=-\frac {\sin ^2(x) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (1+2 x^2+x^4\right ) \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}\\ &=-\frac {2 \cos ^2(x) \cot (x)}{3 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {\cos ^2(x) \cot ^3(x)}{5 a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}-\frac {\cos (x) \sin (x)}{a \sqrt {a \sin ^4(x)}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.03, size = 34, normalized size = 0.50 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\cos (x) \left (8+4 \csc ^2(x)+3 \csc ^4(x)\right ) \sin ^5(x)}{15 \left (a \sin ^4(x)\right )^{3/2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.19, size = 29, normalized size = 0.43
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {\left (8 \left (\cos ^{4}\left (x \right )\right )-20 \left (\cos ^{2}\left (x \right )\right )+15\right ) \cos \left (x \right ) \sin \left (x \right )}{15 \left (a \left (\sin ^{4}\left (x \right )\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(29\) |
risch | \(\frac {16 i \left (-5+11 \cos \left (2 x \right )+9 i \sin \left (2 x \right )\right )}{15 a \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i x}-1\right )^{3} \sqrt {a \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i x}-1\right )^{4} {\mathrm e}^{-4 i x}}}\) | \(49\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [A]
time = 0.49, size = 23, normalized size = 0.34 \begin {gather*} -\frac {15 \, \tan \left (x\right )^{4} + 10 \, \tan \left (x\right )^{2} + 3}{15 \, a^{\frac {3}{2}} \tan \left (x\right )^{5}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.37, size = 74, normalized size = 1.09 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {a \cos \left (x\right )^{4} - 2 \, a \cos \left (x\right )^{2} + a} {\left (8 \, \cos \left (x\right )^{5} - 20 \, \cos \left (x\right )^{3} + 15 \, \cos \left (x\right )\right )}}{15 \, {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (x\right )^{6} - 3 \, a^{2} \cos \left (x\right )^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - a^{2}\right )} \sin \left (x\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\left (a \sin ^{4}{\left (x \right )}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 14.28, size = 44, normalized size = 0.65 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {8{}\mathrm {i}}{15\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {4\,\left (2\,{\sin \left (2\,x\right )}^3-9\,\sin \left (2\,x\right )+3\,\sin \left (4\,x\right )+2{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{15\,a^{3/2}}}{{\left (\cos \left (2\,x\right )-1\right )}^3} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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